{"id":1027,"date":"2022-01-14T10:40:57","date_gmt":"2022-01-14T09:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/?page_id=1027"},"modified":"2024-09-30T15:18:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T13:18:12","slug":"miina-looke","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/staff\/miina-looke\/","title":{"rendered":"Miina L\u00f5oke"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Miina L\u00f5oke<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Laboratory technician<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-id=\"1033\"  src=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1033\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3.jpeg 1024w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-300x200.jpeg 300w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-768x512.jpeg 768w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-250x167.jpeg 250w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-550x367.jpeg 550w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-800x534.jpeg 800w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-270x180.jpeg 270w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-450x300.jpeg 450w, http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/01\/Miina-3-750x500.jpeg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>I gained my bachelor\u2019s degree in Tarty University in ecology and&nbsp;biodiversity conservation. Following it, I continued in the same university for a master\u2019s degree in&nbsp;biology, specialized zoology. For the thesis I carried out a pilot study about semi-wild horses\u2019 behaviour in the south-west of Estonia. I continued my studies in the University of Padova, in the laboratory of Applied Ethology. My doctoral project focused in dogs&#8217; visual perception, particularly on dogs&#8217; susceptibility to optical illusions. Currently I am a laboratory technician in the laboratory of Applied Ethology.<br> <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"onepagescroll-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"onepagescroll-separator sep-single sep-dashed\" style=\"border-color:#9b0014;padding-top:0px;\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>You can find me<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>by email: <a href=\"mailto:miina.looke@unipd.it\" data-type=\"mailto\" data-id=\"mailto:miina.looke@unipd.it\">miina.looke@unipd.it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>through phone: +39 331 260 2013 (this is the DogUP Lab number)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>in the Lab: in Agripolis campus, Viale dell&#8217;Universita&#8217;, 16 &#8211; 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"onepagescroll-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"onepagescroll-separator sep-single sep-dashed\" style=\"border-color:#9b0014;padding-top:0px;\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>My publications<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"onepagescroll-shortcode onepagescroll-blog blog-list-wrap \"><article id=\"post-1177\" class=\"post-1177 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-199 category-anna-broseghini category-applied-dog-ethology category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici tag-dog tag-dogs tag-ethogram tag-predatory-behavior\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/30\/ethogram-of-the-predatory-sequence-of-dogs-canis-familiaris\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Ethogram of the predatory sequence of dogs (Canis familiaris)\u00a0<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/30\/ethogram-of-the-predatory-sequence-of-dogs-canis-familiaris\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-09-30T15:14:55+02:00\">30 September 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-30T15:14:56+02:00\">30 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Anna\u00a0Broseghini,\u00a0Miina\u00a0L\u00f5oke,\u00a0C\u00e9cile\u00a0Gu\u00e9rineau,\u00a0Lieta\u00a0Marinelli,\u00a0Paolo\u00a0Mongillo (2024) Applied Animal Behaviour Science\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1147\" class=\"post-1147 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-199 category-anna-broseghini category-auditory-processing category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici tag-auditory-processing tag-dog tag-dogs\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/26\/determining-hearing-thresholds-in-dogs-using-the-staircase-method\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Determining Hearing Thresholds in Dogs Using the Staircase Method<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/26\/determining-hearing-thresholds-in-dogs-using-the-staircase-method\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T11:33:40+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Anna Broseghini, Miina L\u00f5oke, Giulio Dehesh, Paolo Mongillo, Lieta Marinelli (2024) Veterinary Sciences<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1122\" class=\"post-1122 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-199 category-anna-broseghini category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici category-visual-processing tag-dog tag-dogs tag-serial-dependence tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/26\/visual-continuum-in-non-human-animals-serial-dependence-revealed-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Visual continuum in non-human animals: serial dependence revealed in dogs<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/26\/visual-continuum-in-non-human-animals-serial-dependence-revealed-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T10:12:26+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke,\u00a0C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau,\u00a0Anna Broseghini, Paolo Mongillo,\u00a0Lieta Marinelli (2024) Proceedings of the Royal Society B<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1103\" class=\"post-1103 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-199 category-anna-broseghini category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici category-visual-processing tag-dog tag-dogs tag-expectation-violation tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/25\/pictorial-depth-cues-elicit-the-perception-of-tridimensionality-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Pictorial depth cues elicit the perception of tridimensionality in dogs<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/09\/25\/pictorial-depth-cues-elicit-the-perception-of-tridimensionality-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-09-25T12:33:38+02:00\">25 September 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:53:57+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Anna Broseghini, Markus Stasek, Miina L\u00f5oke, C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Lieta Marinelli, Paolo Mongillo (2024) Animal Cognition<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1062\" class=\"post-1062 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-199 category-applied-ethology-other-species category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo tag-affiliative-interactions tag-agonistic-interactions tag-donkey tag-social-network tag-social-organization\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/characterization-of-social-behavior-in-a-group-of-domestic-donkeys-equus-asinus\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Characterization of social behavior in a group of domestic donkeys (Equus asinus)<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/characterization-of-social-behavior-in-a-group-of-domestic-donkeys-equus-asinus\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T21:22:42+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:55:02+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke, Paolo Mongillo, Martina Bortoletti, Simona Normando, Lieta Marinelli (2024) Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1060\" class=\"post-1060 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-192 category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-visual-processing tag-dog tag-visual-illusions tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/yes-dogs-are-susceptible-to-the-kanizsas-triangle-illusion-a-reply-to-pepperberg\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Yes, dogs are susceptible to the Kanizsa\u2019s triangle illusion: A reply to Pepperberg<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/yes-dogs-are-susceptible-to-the-kanizsas-triangle-illusion-a-reply-to-pepperberg\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T21:19:18+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:55:14+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke, Lieta Marinelli, C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Christian Agrillo, Paolo Mongillo (2023) Learning and Behavior<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1058\" class=\"post-1058 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-192 category-anna-broseghini category-applied-dog-ethology category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo tag-aggression tag-anxiety tag-behavioral-problems tag-dog tag-questionnaire\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/canine-behavioral-assessment-and-research-questionnaire-c-barq-validation-of-the-italian-translation\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ): Validation of the Italian Translation<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/canine-behavioral-assessment-and-research-questionnaire-c-barq-validation-of-the-italian-translation\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T21:16:47+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:55:25+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Anna Broseghini,&nbsp;C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Miina L\u00f5oke, Chiara Mariti, James Serpell, Lieta Marinelli,&nbsp;Paolo Mongillo (2023) Animals<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1056\" class=\"post-1056 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-192 category-anna-broseghini category-applied-dog-ethology category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-expectation-bias category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-visual-processing tag-cross-modal-recognition tag-dog tag-expectation-violation tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/meowing-dogs-can-dogs-recognize-cats-in-a-cross-modal-violation-of-expectancy-task-canis-familiaris\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Meowing dogs: can dogs recognize cats in a cross-modal violation of expectancy task (Canis familiaris)?<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/meowing-dogs-can-dogs-recognize-cats-in-a-cross-modal-violation-of-expectancy-task-canis-familiaris\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T21:12:27+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:56:12+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke,&nbsp;C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Anna Broseghini, Lieta Marinelli,&nbsp;Paolo Mongillo (2023) Animal Cognition<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1054\" class=\"post-1054 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-192 category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-orsolya-kanizsar category-paolo-mongillo category-visual-processing tag-dog tag-motion-perception tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/dogs-ability-to-follow-temporarily-invisible-moving-objects-the-ability-to-track-and-expect-is-shaped-by-experience\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dogs\u2019 ability to follow temporarily invisible moving objects: the ability to track and expect is shaped by experience<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/dogs-ability-to-follow-temporarily-invisible-moving-objects-the-ability-to-track-and-expect-is-shaped-by-experience\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T21:09:21+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:56:31+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke,&nbsp;Orsolya Kanizsar,&nbsp;C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau,&nbsp;Paolo Mongillo,&nbsp;Lieta Marinelli (2023) Animal Cognition<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1050\" class=\"post-1050 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-180 category-anna-broseghini category-auditory-processing category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo tag-dog tag-learning tag-minumum-audible-angle tag-staircase-method\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/sound-localization-ability-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Sound Localization Ability in Dogs<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/sound-localization-ability-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T21:02:41+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:57:02+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Miina L\u00f5oke, Anna Broseghini, Giulio Dehesh, Paolo Mongillo, Lieta Marinelli (2022) Veterinary Sciences<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1048\" class=\"post-1048 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-180 category-applied-ethology-other-species category-cecile-guerineau category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici tag-bottlenose-dolphin tag-captive tag-cetacean tag-enrichment tag-social-behaviour tag-zoo\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/enrichment-with-classical-music-enhances-affiliative-behaviours-in-bottlenose-dolphin\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Enrichment with classical music enhances affiliative behaviours in bottlenose dolphin<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/enrichment-with-classical-music-enhances-affiliative-behaviours-in-bottlenose-dolphin\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T20:57:09+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:57:13+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>C\u00e9cile&nbsp;Gu\u00e9rineau,&nbsp;Miina&nbsp;L\u00f5oke,&nbsp;Giuseppe&nbsp;Ganassin,&nbsp;Daniela&nbsp;Bertotto,&nbsp;Martina&nbsp;Bortoletti,&nbsp;Laura&nbsp;Cavicchioli,&nbsp;Stefano&nbsp;Furlati,&nbsp;Paolo&nbsp;Mongillo,&nbsp;Lieta&nbsp;Marinelli (2022) Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1046\" class=\"post-1046 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-147 category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici category-visual-processing tag-dog tag-visual-illusions tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/dogs-canis-familiaris-underestimate-the-quantity-of-connected-items-first-demonstration-of-susceptibility-to-the-connectedness-illusion-in-non-human-animals\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dogs (canis familiaris) underestimate the quantity of connected items: first demonstration of susceptibility to the connectedness illusion in non-human animals<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/laboratorio\/\">laboratorio<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2024\/07\/02\/dogs-canis-familiaris-underestimate-the-quantity-of-connected-items-first-demonstration-of-susceptibility-to-the-connectedness-illusion-in-non-human-animals\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-07-02T20:52:14+02:00\">2 July 2024<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-26T09:57:34+02:00\">26 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina&nbsp;L\u00f5oke,&nbsp;Lieta Marinelli, Christian Agrillo,&nbsp;C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau,&nbsp;Paolo Mongillo (2021) Scientific Reports<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1018\" class=\"post-1018 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-147 category-canis-familiaris category-carla-jade-eatherington category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo tag-biological-motion tag-canis-familiaris tag-point-light-display tag-pointing tag-recognition tag-video\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/dogs-fail-to-recognize-a-human-pointing-gesture-in-two-dimensional-depictions-of-motion-cues\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dogs fail to recognize a human pointing gesture in two-dimensional depictions of motion cues<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/dogs-fail-to-recognize-a-human-pointing-gesture-in-two-dimensional-depictions-of-motion-cues\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T11:24:39+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T11:41:57+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Carla J. Eatherington, Paolo Mongillo, Miina L\u00f5oke, Lieta Marinelli (2021) Behavioural Processes<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1016\" class=\"post-1016 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-147 category-canis-familiaris category-cecile-guerineau category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-dog category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-articoli-scientifici tag-dog tag-illusory-contours tag-perception tag-vision tag-visual-illusions\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/dogs-canis-lupus-familiaris-are-susceptible-to-the-kanizsas-triangle-illusion\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are susceptible to the Kanizsa\u2019s triangle illusion<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/dogs-canis-lupus-familiaris-are-susceptible-to-the-kanizsas-triangle-illusion\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T11:03:49+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T11:03:51+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke, Lieta Marinelli, C\u00e9cile Gu\u00e9rineau, Christian Agrillo, Paolo Mongillo (2021) Animal Cognition<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1014\" class=\"post-1014 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-147 category-applied-dog-ethology category-canis-familiaris category-carla-jade-eatherington category-dog category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke tag-cross-modal tag-dogs tag-expectancy-violation tag-recognition tag-species tag-videos\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/i-know-a-dog-when-i-see-one-dogs-canis-familiaris-recognize-dogs-from-videos\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">I know a dog when I see one: dogs (Canis familiaris) recognize dogs from videos<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/i-know-a-dog-when-i-see-one-dogs-canis-familiaris-recognize-dogs-from-videos\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T10:55:06+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2024-09-30T15:15:27+02:00\">30 September 2024<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Paolo Mongillo, Carla Eatherington, Miina L\u00f5oke, Lieta Marinelli (2021) Animal Cognition<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1012\" class=\"post-1012 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-116 category-canis-familiaris category-carla-jade-eatherington category-articoli-in-collaborazione category-dog category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici tag-dog tag-gestalt tag-illusion tag-numerical-cognition tag-quantity tag-solitaire tag-vision\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/do-domestic-dogs-canis-lupus-familiaris-perceive-numerosity-illusions\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Do Domestic Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) Perceive Numerosity Illusions?<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/do-domestic-dogs-canis-lupus-familiaris-perceive-numerosity-illusions\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T10:41:41+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T10:41:44+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina L\u00f5oke, Lieta Marinelli, Carla Eatherington, Christian Agrillo, Paolo Mongillo (2020) Animals<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-1010\" class=\"post-1010 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-116 category-canis-familiaris category-dog category-miina-looke category-orsolya-kanizsar category-paolo-mongillo tag-dogs tag-methods-of-limits tag-motion tag-velocity-threshold tag-vision\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/are-dogs-good-at-spotting-movement-velocity-thresholds-of-motion-detection-in-canis-familiaris\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Are dogs good at spotting movement? Velocity thresholds of motion detection in Canis familiaris<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2021\/08\/31\/are-dogs-good-at-spotting-movement-velocity-thresholds-of-motion-detection-in-canis-familiaris\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T10:26:16+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2021-08-31T10:26:19+02:00\">31 August 2021<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Miina Looke, Orsolya Kanizs\u00e0r, Luca Battaglini, C\u00e9cile Guerineau, Paolo Mongillo, Lieta Marinelli (2020) Current Zoology<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-980\" class=\"post-980 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-116 category-canis-familiaris category-carla-jade-eatherington category-dog category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici tag-dogs tag-human-face-recognition tag-owner tag-photographs tag-viewing-conditions\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2020\/04\/17\/dogs-canis-familiaris-recognise-our-faces-in-photographs-implications-for-existing-and-future-research\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dogs (Canis familiaris) recognise our faces in photographs: implications for existing and future research<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2020\/04\/17\/dogs-canis-familiaris-recognise-our-faces-in-photographs-implications-for-existing-and-future-research\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2020-04-17T09:20:27+02:00\">17 April 2020<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2020-04-17T09:20:29+02:00\">17 April 2020<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Carla Eatherington, Paolo Mongillo, Miina Looke, Lieta Marinelli , (2020) Animal Cognition.<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-978\" class=\"post-978 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-115 category-canis-familiaris category-carla-jade-eatherington category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo category-articoli-scientifici tag-biological-motion tag-dog tag-experience tag-point-light-display tag-visual-perception\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2019\/09\/06\/local-dot-motion-not-global-configuration-determines-dogs-preference-for-point-light-displays\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Local Dot Motion, Not Global Configuration, Determines Dogs\u2019 Preference for Point-Light Displays<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2019\/09\/06\/local-dot-motion-not-global-configuration-determines-dogs-preference-for-point-light-displays\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2019-09-06T11:49:39+02:00\">6 September 2019<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2020-03-24T11:53:05+01:00\">24 March 2020<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Carla Eatherington, Lieta Marinelli, Miina Looke, Luca Battaglini, Paolo Mongillo (2019) Animals, 9:661<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-970\" class=\"post-970 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-126 category-anna-scandurra category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-paolo-mongillo tag-gonadectomy tag-plus-maze tag-sex tag-spatial-cognition tag-strategy\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2018\/08\/30\/the-effect-of-age-sex-and-gonadectomy-on-dogs-use-of-spatial-navigation-strategies\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">The effect of age, sex and gonadectomy on dogs\u2019 use of spatial navigation strategies<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2018\/08\/30\/the-effect-of-age-sex-and-gonadectomy-on-dogs-use-of-spatial-navigation-strategies\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2018-08-30T11:22:58+02:00\">30 August 2018<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2020-03-24T11:39:40+01:00\">24 March 2020<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Anna Scandurra, Lieta Marinelli, Miina Looke, Biagio D&#8217;Aniello, Paolo Mongillo (2018) Applied&nbsp;Animal&nbsp;Behaviour&nbsp;Science, 205:89-97<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<article id=\"post-963\" class=\"post-963 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-126 category-dog category-nostri-articoli category-lieta-marinelli category-miina-looke category-orsolya-kanizsar category-paolo-mongillo tag-coherent-motion tag-dog tag-dot-density tag-dot-lifetime tag-perceptual-learning\">\n\t\t<header class=\"entry-header\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2018\/06\/25\/the-effect-of-experience-and-of-dots-density-and-duration-on-the-detection-of-coherent-motion-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">The effect of experience and of dots\u2019 density and duration on the detection of coherent motion in dogs<\/a><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"byline\"> Posted by <span class=\"author vcard\"><a class=\"url fn n\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/author\/nadia\/\">nadia<\/a><\/span><\/span><span class=\"posted-on\"> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/2018\/06\/25\/the-effect-of-experience-and-of-dots-density-and-duration-on-the-detection-of-coherent-motion-in-dogs\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2018-06-25T14:03:21+02:00\">25 June 2018<\/time><time class=\"updated\" datetime=\"2020-03-24T11:43:14+01:00\">24 March 2020<\/time><\/a><\/span>\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-meta -->\n\t\t\t<\/header><!-- .entry-header -->\n\n\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\t\t<p>Orsolya Kanitzsar, Paolo Mongillo, Luca Battaglini, Gianluca Campana, Miina Looke, Lieta Marinelli (2018) Animal Cognition, 21,651-660<\/p>\n\t<\/div><!-- .entry-content -->\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\n<\/article><!-- #post-## -->\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Miina L\u00f5oke Laboratory technician I gained my bachelor\u2019s degree in Tarty University in ecology and&nbsp;biodiversity conservation. Following it, I continued in the same university for a master\u2019s degree in&nbsp;biology, specialized zoology. For the thesis I carried out a pilot study about semi-wild horses\u2019 behaviour in the south-west of Estonia. I continued my studies in the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1025,"parent":223,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-home.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1027"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1027"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1027\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1178,"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1027\/revisions\/1178"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/223"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dogup.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}